The use of granulated copper slag as cement replacement in. Fly ash, slag, silica fume, and natural pozzolans, chapter 3. Properties of concrete with blastfurnace slag cement made from. The components of each concrete mixture were batched by weight and the slag was premixed with cement, sand, and coarse aggregates before the addition of water. Groundgranulated blastfurnace slag ggbs or ggbfs is obtained by quenching molten iron slag a byproduct of iron and steelmaking from a blast furnace in water or steam, to produce a glassy, granular product that is then dried and ground into a fine powder. Luckily, there are lots of free and paid tools that can compress a pdf file in just a few easy steps.
Adobe designed the portable document format, or pdf, to be a document platform viewable on virtually any modern operating system. Replacing fly ash and slag by limestone powder in concrete. Searching for a specific type of document on the internet is sometimes like looking for a needle in a haystack. Lafargeholcim is the nations leading building materials, cement and concrete supplier solutions company serving builders, architects, engineers and masons.
Cement is either naturally low in soluble chromium vi or reducing agents have been added to control the. Blended cements help control co2 emissions because some of the ordinary portland cement is replaced with industrial byproducts, such as ground granulated. Properties and effects of copper slag in concrete 49 graph 3. The properties of slag cement and its influence on the structure of. Blastfurnace slag is used in the production of cement or cementitious materials in two basic ways. Mineral additions include limestone, fly ash and blastfurnace slag. Quick setting cement the early setting property is brought out by reducing the. A horizontal inclined drum was used to mix the materials. The strength of the blended cement with increasing dosages of slag varies in different ways small amount of slag in the cement even increases slightly the compressive and flexural strength in. Astm c989 slag cement specification bluegreen color is attributed to a complex reaction of sulfide sulfur in slag cement with other compounds in portland cement. The strength of the blended cement with increasing dosages of slag varies in. The use of slag cement as a cementitious material dates back to 1774, when a mortar was made using slag cement in combination with slaked lime mather 1957. If your scanner saves files as pdf portbale document format files, the potential exists to merge the individual files into one doc. Fly ash and blast furnace slag for cement manufacturing gbfs is slag from the iron production in basic oxygen furnaces.
Materials that perform building materials bulk concrete. Ground granulated blastfurnace slag cement is a supplementary. Groundgranulated blast furnace slag is highly cementitious and high in csh calcium silicate hydrates which is a strength enhancing. Slag lafarge canada cement, concrete, aggregates and.
Suppliers are the entities that have responsibility for the final properties of the slag cement. Concrete of m20, m30 and m40 grades were considered for a wc ratio of 0. Lehigh slag cement product description lehigh slag cement conforms to astm c989aashto m 302 standard specifications for slag cement as a constituent in concrete and mortars and csa a3001 cementitious material for use in concrete. Effects of blast furnace slag characteristics on durability of. Sds are kept on file at our office at 21075 washington st onley, va. To combine pdf files into a single pdf document is easier than it looks. Classifications according to astm c989, ggbfs is classified into three grades according to its performance in the slag activity test. It may also be manufactured by separately grinding portland cement clinker, gypsum and granulated slag and then mixing them intimately. Pdf a ground blastfurnace granulated slag used in the production of construction. This study on work performed for the gateway project, perth, western australia was on the basis of a lack of availability and quality of fly ash, and a local preference for slag cement for concrete. It is typically used with portland cement at dosages between 2580 percent, depending on the engineering parameters. How to shrink a pdf file that is too large techwalla.
Utilization of recycled concrete fines and powders to produce. Slag lafargeholcim in the us cement, concrete, aggregates. You can use the tools in paint to add something to a different document. Program ii also included mixtures containing different replacement levels of slag cement cast with either limestone or granite coarse aggregate. Read on to find out just how to combine multiple pdf files on macos and windows 10. Slag cement uses the market for slag cement includes the following principal uses. If mechanically modified pozzolan cement combinations are used, the portland cement portion may be reduced by a maximum of 50%. Individual composition of hazardous constituents will vary between slag types. First, the dry materials cement, copper slag, and aggregates were mixed in this inclined drum with horizontal rotation for 60 seconds. Fresh and hardened properties of portland cementslag. Slag cement is also used at times to refer to a very specific material, as it is in astm standards c2191 and c5952. Slag cement is a byproduct of the ironmaking process and is composed primarily of silica and calcium. Environmental product declaration slag cement association.
Most electronic documents such as software manuals, hardware manuals and ebooks come in the pdf portable document format file format. Copper slag is a byproduct obtained during matte smelting and refining of copper. Slag cement is required to conform to the requirements stated in the standard specifications for highway construction. The locally available river sand with a fineness modulus of 2. Please contact our office if an sds is needed that is not listed 7577872646 sds white portland and plc cement. Ggbs, or slag, can be present in concrete as a separate material added in the mixer, or blended in the portland cement. Pdf compressive strength of high volume slag cement concrete. Portland slag cement is obtained by mixing, portland cement clinker, gypsum and granulated slag in suitable proportions and grinding the mixture to get a thorough and intimate mix between the consti tuents. Influence of ground granulated blast furnace slag cement in. Performance of concrete in marine environment, publication sp65, american concrete institute, 1980, contains 33 papers presented at an international conference at st.
Intended use of the product slag is used as a supplementary cementitious material for cement, concrete and concrete products. Pdf the properties of slag cement and its influence on the. The manufacturers laboratory shall be inspected periodically by cement and concrete reference laboratory ccrl. For aaap cement concrete, replace type iii portland cement with pozzolan silica fume or flyash or ground. Effects of internal curing, slag, and silica fume on. Fly ash and blast furnace slag for cement manufacturing beis research paper.
The process of granulating the slag involves cooling of molten slag through highpressure water jets. We provide ready mix concrete, self leveling cement, type ii cement, and aggregates for projects of all sizes and challenges. Pdf recent consideration has been given to use of ggbfs as separate cementitious material mixed along with portland cement in. They were used as the fine aggregates and the binder in aas concrete blocks, respectively. It is known that the hydration of portland cement pc in a blended cement is activated by the slag supplying. These pcr are valid for, and provide requirements, for businesstobusiness btob epds. Icsect 166 3 approximately 56 min, homogeneity of the mix was ensured. Fly ash and blast furnace slag for cement manufacturing. Ground granulated slag, combined with portland cement in the mixer, is the subject of discussion at this forum. Csa a3001, cementitious materials for use in concrete aci 233, slag cement in concrete and mortar.
Mineral slag used as an alternative of cement in concrete. The manufacturersupplier shall manintain a file of their test results and methods of testing. Reduced heat of hydration, refinement of pore structure, reduced permeability types of cement 5. It is appropriate to treat slag cement as a separate relevant product because an insufficient number of purchasers would switch to other products in response to a small but significant increase in the price of slag cement to render such a price. Slag cement as a constituent in concrete and mortars and csa a3001 cementitious material for use in concrete. Type gb general purpose blended cement type gb cement incorporates supplementary cementitious materials such as fly ash used at rates greater than 5% and typically 1040%. Distribution statement ground granulated blast furnace slag, concrete mixes, slag, ggbfs, high range water reducer, hrwr, portland cement. Cementitious supplementary cementing materials scms are materials or cement additives such as slag cement, silica fume, or fly ash that, are used in varying proportion during the last phase of cement production process, in conjunction with portland cement or blended cements, and contribute to obtain a range of cement with different properties. An oversized pdf file can be hard to send through email and may not upload onto certain file managers.
The properties of slag cement and its influence on the. Investigation have been carried out to study the effect of steel slag on various property of concrete like compressive, split tensile. Portland slag cement is obtained by mixing portland cement clinker, gyplum and ifanulated sla,in suitable proportions and grinding the mixture to get i thorough and intimate mix between the consti tuents. The concrete mix was proportioned to have a 28day compressive strength of 35 mpa. Aci education bulletin e3 american concrete institute. Other hazards cement does not meet the criteria for pbt or vpvb in accordance with annex xiii of reach regulation ec no 19072006. Blast furnace slag cementsfly ash reference properties. Strength parity with zero slag mixes is possible with 70 % slag under proper conditions, which include sufficient activity of the slag pc system. However, some aggregates, such as blast furnace slag, may be used despite their high absorptive capacity because of. It is a hydraulic cement that can replace between 20 to 80 percent of the portland cement in concrete depending on application, see table 1 and helps makes concrete even greener. Advantages and limitations in order to reduce the pollution of the extraction of the ordinary portland cement, scientist and engineers could be able to found and make materials that almost can substitute full the portland cement, the most successful and know materials are ground granulated blast furnace slag, flyash, and nanosilica. Slag cements are accepted for use on arkansas department of transportation projects based on certification by the supplier.
The molten slag comprises mostly silicates and alumina from the original iron ore, combined with some oxides from the limestone. These materials can be utilized alone or mixed with other option solidifying materials to deliver a concrete or cement with properties not quite the same as those subsequent from the utilization of portland concrete. Pdf file or convert a pdf file to docx, jpg, or other file format. Type gp cement may contain up to 5% of approved mineral additions. Guide to the use of slag cement in concrete and mortar. In 1862, a granulation process was proposed to facilitate removal and handling of iron blastfurnace slag leaving the blast furnace.
In fine particle form, slag cement displays cementitious qualities similar to those of ordinary portland cement opc. The intent is to avoid using highly porous, absorptive aggregates because extra water and cement or asphalt is needed to make a good mix. According to the slag cement association, 2,500,000 mg of slag cement and 540,000 mg of slag blended cement were used in concrete and other construction applications some of which used imported granules. Slag cement is a byproduct of iron production in a blast furnace. Surname 1 students name professors name course date replacing fly ash and slag by limestone powder in concrete. The primary raw material of slag cement is a byproduct. The chemical and mineralogical composition of portland cement, the. Upon request, the manufacturersupplier shall make reports of inspections available to. Blast furnace slag cement an overview sciencedirect topics. Identification of the material and supplier company details cement australia pty limited abn 75 104 053 474 18 station avenue darra, queensland 4076 tel. By michelle rae uy 24 january 2020 knowing how to combine pdf files isnt reserved. Cement and concrete ced 2 designator of legally binding document. You may not feel pain or the severity of the burn until hours after the exposure. C595 gives the minimum percentage applicable in that.
Portland slag cement is obtained by mixing portland cement clinker, gypsum and granulated blast furnace slag. Strength and durability characteristics of 70% ground. Depending on the type of scanner you have, you might only be able to scan one page of a document at a time. Properties and effects of copper slag in concrete 46 properties and effects of copper slag in concrete m. Nonmetallic slag, slag cement, hydraulic slag cement note. The first recorded production in the us of blended cement containing both slag and portland cement was in 1896. Customers add slag cement to portland cement to enhance the physical properties of a concrete mixture. Page 5 there is a big opportunity for a large development in the use of slag considering the fact that not more than 30% fly ash or pumice can be employed in concrete. Apr 08, 2019 slag cement, previously known as groundgranulated blastfurnace slag \. The paint program can help you make new image files, but it cannot open document or pdf file. Four ordinary portland cements opc and 8 groundgranulated blast furnace slags ggbfs were tested to assess the cracking potential and sulfate durability of. The concrete was made with copper slag contents varying between 0 and 40 wt% in steps of 10 wt%.
For more information call 0 cement 0 236 368 or visit au safety data sheet slag lime blend section 1. If greening does occur, it usually appears within a week of concrete placement and typically disappears within a week after oxidation starts. The pdf format allows you to create documents in countless applications and share them with others for viewing. National institute of technology, surat, gujarat abstract.
The chemical and mineralogical composition of portland cement, the conditions. One of the fun things about computers is playing with programs like paint. In c219, slag cement is defined as a blend of granulated blastfurnace slag and hydrated lime in which the slag constituent is more than a specified minimum percentage. Cooled slag, nonmetallic slag, slag cement, hydraulic slag cement, slag synonyms.
Bulk cement should be stored in silos that are waterproof, dry clean and protected from contamination. Slag cement can therefore be substituted for opc in a. One concrete mix composing of 100% gabbro coarse aggregates was designated as the control mix. Compared to the blended cements used in the past, the new. Pozzolana cement and blastfurnace slag cement have many common grounds in performance see table 4. Code of ethics and business conduct download pdf file. This means it can be viewed across multiple devices, regardless of the underlying operating system. This declaration has been prepared in accordance with iso 14025 3, iso 21930 2, iso 14040 4, iso 14044 5 the governing slag cement category rules 1 and astm internationals epd program operator rules 7. Three levels of binder replacement using the industrial byproduct, and four. Pdf is a hugely popular format for documents simply because it is independent of the hardware or application used to create that file. Slag has cementitious properties similar to portland cement. A guide to the use of iron blast furnace slag in cement and concrete asa data sheet 3 2 table 1 suggested binder inclusion of ggbfs in concrete application application slag proportion % general construction note 1 2040 reduction of heat hydration note 2 5080 structures exposed to chloride attack notes 3, 4 5080. Surname 4 limestone powder as an option solidifying material can straightforwardly supplant a part of fly ash and slag.
This article explains what pdfs are, how to open one, all the different ways. November 2014 ascp forum theme of concrete pavements a focus on materials, a topic covering making lean mix concrete with less cementitious content. Legally binding document step out from the old to the newjawaharlal nehru invent a new india using knowledge. Four other concrete mixes were prepared and they contained 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% partial replacement of gabbro aggregates with slag aggregates, by weight. Mechanical properties of concrete using steel slag aggregate. Discomfort or pain cannot be relied upon to alert a person to a serious injury. Effects of ground granulated blast furnace slag in portland. Safety data sheet slag lime blend cement australia. Slag cement contributes the following sustainability ben. Nonmetallic slag, slag cement, hydraulic slag cement, slag note. If your pdf reader is displaying an error instead of opening a pdf file, chances are that the file is c. They found that a partial replacement of cement with slag cement reduced shrinkagea reduction that was greatest at early ages and increased as the replacement level of slag was increased. While this is a new method of use in this country, the cementitious material is not new. Italcementi cement product mix 2010 fly ash cement 26% ordinary portland cement 20% multiple blend cement 17% limestone cement 14% slag cement 9% pozzolan cement 9% masonry cement, oilwell and white cement 5% ordinary portland cement 45% limestone.
Gbfs is said to increase durability of concrete due to an increased setting time, which reduces. Pdf properties of concrete manufactured using steel slag. This paper aims to study experimentally, the effect of partial replacement of coarse and fine aggregates by steel slag ss, on the various strength and durability properties of concrete, by using. Portland slag cement specification number of amendments. The use of granulated copper slag as cement replacement. A pdf file is a portable document format file, developed by adobe systems. Properties of concrete with ground granulated blast furnace. When this slag is actively cooled and ground, gbfs is produced, which can be utilised as a cement or concrete addition.
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